Loosely translated as "gymnastic society," the Turnverein (plural: Turnvereins or Turnvereine) frequently became a social and cultural hub for German immigrants. In addition to coming together for physical fitness, members often formed choirs, put on plays, organized libraries, and more. They also competed with other Turnvereins and organizations in the region or even nationally.
In addition to this overview of the Turnvereins in St. Louis by Andrew Wanko, the MHS library has publications and documents about individual Turner groups.
Commemorative-anniversary histories of organizations typically include lists of members as well as a chronicle of the founders and a description of any turning points for the organization.
Histories of specific Turnvereins include: